VERIFICATION TO WMO STANDARDS ---------------------------------------- JAPAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY APRIL 2018 ----------------------------------------------- GLOBAL SPECTRAL MODEL (TL959,L100) ---------------------------------------- TABLE 1.1 NORTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90N) ---------------------------------------------------------- MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. SKILL SCORE PERIOD (hPa) (hPa) -------------- -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.03 -0.06 0.82 0.85 0.99 0.99 15.8 16.3 48 -0.05 -0.09 1.42 1.41 0.98 0.98 24.2 24.4 72 -0.07 -0.11 2.12 2.09 0.96 0.96 32.2 32.4 96 -0.12 2.91 0.93 40.5 120 -0.13 3.92 0.87 49.0 144 -0.16 4.94 0.79 56.7 168 -0.18 5.97 0.69 63.7 192 -0.20 6.87 0.59 69.5 216 -0.22 7.72 0.49 74.3 240 -0.19 8.58 0.38 78.1 264 -0.13 9.19 0.31 81.0 TABLE 1.2 NORTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90N) ---------------------------------------------------------- 500 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. SKILL SCORE PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.31 -0.56 6.20 6.31 1.00 1.00 9.5 9.6 48 -0.53 -0.88 12.70 12.65 0.99 0.99 17.2 17.0 72 -0.77 -1.06 21.00 20.79 0.98 0.98 25.0 24.8 96 -1.28 30.91 0.95 33.0 120 -1.45 42.75 0.89 40.9 144 -1.76 54.59 0.82 47.5 168 -2.39 66.53 0.73 53.7 192 -2.87 77.65 0.64 59.0 216 -3.19 88.49 0.55 64.0 240 -3.09 100.84 0.43 68.8 264 -2.65 109.14 0.34 72.3 TABLE 1.3 NORTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90N) ---------------------------------------------------------- 250 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. SKILL SCORE PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.89 -1.09 8.28 8.49 1.00 1.00 8.0 8.1 48 -2.17 -2.47 15.99 16.17 0.99 0.99 13.6 13.6 72 -3.48 -3.81 26.31 26.56 0.98 0.98 19.8 19.8 96 -5.13 39.30 0.95 26.5 120 -6.29 54.59 0.91 33.6 144 -7.87 71.08 0.84 39.9 168 -9.36 87.60 0.76 46.1 192 -11.09 104.01 0.67 51.5 216 -12.04 118.98 0.58 56.4 240 -11.87 134.42 0.47 61.1 264 -11.69 146.07 0.38 64.9 TABLE 1.4 NORTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90N) ---------------------------------------------------------- 500 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.05 0.06 0.46 0.46 0.99 0.99 48 0.06 0.07 0.80 0.80 0.98 0.98 72 0.06 0.06 1.19 1.20 0.95 0.95 96 0.05 1.64 0.91 120 0.05 2.14 0.85 144 0.03 2.61 0.77 168 -0.01 3.05 0.69 192 -0.05 3.50 0.59 216 -0.08 3.88 0.50 240 -0.08 4.26 0.40 264 -0.08 4.53 0.32 TABLE 1.5 NORTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90N) ---------------------------------------------------------- 250 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.18 -0.16 0.67 0.66 0.98 0.98 48 -0.32 -0.30 1.08 1.09 0.96 0.96 72 -0.43 -0.42 1.53 1.52 0.91 0.91 96 -0.52 2.02 0.84 120 -0.60 2.51 0.75 144 -0.68 2.94 0.66 168 -0.75 3.28 0.57 192 -0.82 3.59 0.49 216 -0.86 3.85 0.41 240 -0.87 4.15 0.31 264 -0.90 4.34 0.23 TABLE 1.6 NORTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90N) ---------------------------------------------------------- 500 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.04 -0.05 2.08 2.09 48 -0.11 -0.13 3.67 3.63 72 -0.17 -0.20 5.31 5.27 96 -0.23 7.03 120 -0.26 8.83 144 -0.29 10.36 168 -0.28 11.91 192 -0.32 13.33 216 -0.32 14.63 240 -0.27 15.87 264 -0.32 16.83 TABLE 1.7 NORTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90N) ---------------------------------------------------------- 250 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.12 -0.10 3.17 3.14 48 -0.20 -0.18 5.05 5.01 72 -0.26 -0.22 7.06 7.08 96 -0.30 9.32 120 -0.38 11.82 144 -0.42 14.06 168 -0.40 16.53 192 -0.44 18.90 216 -0.39 20.97 240 -0.27 22.70 264 -0.33 24.41 TABLE 2.1 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20N-20S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 850 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. SKILL SCORE PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.07 0.11 2.66 2.77 0.98 0.98 24.0 24.4 48 -0.21 -0.03 3.68 3.98 0.96 0.96 30.7 30.9 72 -0.50 -0.30 4.37 4.73 0.94 0.94 35.0 35.2 96 -0.56 5.20 0.93 38.4 120 -0.90 5.95 0.90 41.3 144 -1.35 7.00 0.87 44.1 168 -1.81 7.98 0.83 47.3 192 -2.40 9.04 0.79 50.1 216 -3.12 9.83 0.77 52.3 240 -3.95 11.13 0.72 54.3 264 -4.84 12.10 0.68 56.4 TABLE 2.2 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20N-20S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 250 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. SKILL SCORE PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -1.45 -1.53 4.46 4.53 0.99 0.99 18.4 18.4 48 -4.75 -4.86 8.03 8.44 0.97 0.97 25.3 25.4 72 -7.56 -7.69 11.70 12.03 0.95 0.95 30.9 30.9 96 -9.97 15.06 0.92 35.6 120 -11.99 17.92 0.89 40.1 144 -13.86 20.56 0.86 44.0 168 -15.33 23.06 0.82 47.6 192 -16.90 25.51 0.78 51.0 216 -18.54 28.11 0.73 54.5 240 -20.18 30.68 0.67 57.6 264 -21.94 32.86 0.62 60.0 TABLE 2.3 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20N-20S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 850 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.08 -0.07 0.34 0.35 0.97 0.97 48 -0.10 -0.09 0.51 0.53 0.93 0.94 72 -0.11 -0.10 0.64 0.65 0.89 0.91 96 -0.10 0.73 0.89 120 -0.11 0.80 0.86 144 -0.09 0.88 0.84 168 -0.09 0.96 0.81 192 -0.10 1.06 0.77 216 -0.11 1.15 0.72 240 -0.12 1.23 0.68 264 -0.14 1.27 0.65 TABLE 2.4 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20N-20S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 250 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.38 -0.39 0.51 0.51 0.95 0.95 48 -0.63 -0.65 0.80 0.81 0.89 0.90 72 -0.77 -0.80 0.98 0.99 0.83 0.86 96 -0.90 1.12 0.81 120 -0.98 1.23 0.76 144 -1.04 1.31 0.73 168 -1.10 1.38 0.69 192 -1.15 1.45 0.66 216 -1.19 1.51 0.62 240 -1.23 1.57 0.57 264 -1.26 1.62 0.54 TABLE 2.5 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20N-20S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 850 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.18 -0.16 1.28 1.26 48 -0.30 -0.26 1.84 1.81 72 -0.35 -0.31 2.25 2.19 96 -0.34 2.50 120 -0.36 2.78 144 -0.39 3.05 168 -0.40 3.37 192 -0.39 3.68 216 -0.42 3.91 240 -0.44 4.12 264 -0.44 4.33 TABLE 2.6 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20N-20S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 250 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.29 -0.32 2.94 2.91 48 -0.52 -0.52 4.35 4.29 72 -0.68 -0.67 5.42 5.37 96 -0.77 6.30 120 -0.82 7.19 144 -0.87 8.02 168 -0.94 8.86 192 -0.99 9.74 216 -1.01 10.56 240 -1.11 11.24 264 -1.17 11.78 TABLE 3.1 SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90S) ---------------------------------------------------------- MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. SKILL SCORE PERIOD (hPa) (hPa) -------------- -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.03 0.03 0.91 0.91 1.00 1.00 12.5 12.6 48 0.05 0.05 1.87 1.83 0.98 0.98 22.5 22.3 72 0.08 0.07 3.09 3.02 0.95 0.95 32.0 31.6 96 0.10 4.38 0.90 40.7 120 0.16 5.80 0.82 48.4 144 0.23 7.28 0.73 55.4 168 0.32 8.57 0.62 61.1 192 0.41 9.54 0.53 65.2 216 0.48 10.43 0.45 68.1 240 0.51 10.95 0.38 70.0 264 0.55 11.19 0.35 70.8 TABLE 3.2 SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 500 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. SKILL SCORE PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.18 0.22 8.10 8.07 1.00 1.00 10.3 10.2 48 0.11 0.19 17.41 16.89 0.99 0.99 19.3 18.9 72 0.04 0.17 29.39 29.05 0.96 0.96 28.0 27.8 96 0.14 43.46 0.90 36.7 120 0.23 59.81 0.81 44.7 144 0.57 76.30 0.71 52.0 168 1.06 91.02 0.59 58.4 192 1.47 103.06 0.48 63.1 216 1.80 112.24 0.38 65.9 240 1.98 119.50 0.29 68.9 264 2.07 124.24 0.24 70.5 TABLE 3.3 SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 250 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. SKILL SCORE PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.55 -0.70 10.70 10.63 1.00 1.00 8.7 8.6 48 -1.59 -1.71 22.60 22.01 0.99 0.99 15.8 15.5 72 -2.58 -2.68 38.23 37.52 0.96 0.96 23.5 23.2 96 -3.62 56.45 0.92 31.3 120 -4.36 79.40 0.84 39.4 144 -4.64 101.54 0.73 46.4 168 -4.97 121.92 0.62 52.9 192 -5.09 139.27 0.51 57.4 216 -4.70 152.02 0.41 60.5 240 -4.68 162.01 0.33 63.8 264 -4.92 169.40 0.26 65.5 TABLE 3.4 SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 500 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.02 0.01 0.51 0.51 0.99 0.99 48 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.98 0.97 0.97 72 -0.03 -0.02 1.52 1.49 0.92 0.92 96 -0.04 2.05 0.85 120 -0.06 2.64 0.75 144 -0.07 3.20 0.63 168 -0.09 3.66 0.52 192 -0.10 4.05 0.42 216 -0.12 4.31 0.35 240 -0.13 4.53 0.27 264 -0.14 4.71 0.21 TABLE 3.5 SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 250 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE ANOM. CORR. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.12 -0.13 0.64 0.65 0.98 0.98 48 -0.23 -0.24 1.17 1.17 0.94 0.94 72 -0.30 -0.32 1.71 1.71 0.88 0.88 96 -0.39 2.24 0.79 120 -0.45 2.73 0.68 144 -0.50 3.15 0.58 168 -0.58 3.53 0.47 192 -0.61 3.83 0.38 216 -0.60 3.94 0.33 240 -0.65 4.08 0.27 264 -0.69 4.25 0.21 TABLE 3.6 SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 500 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.07 -0.08 2.34 2.34 48 -0.12 -0.13 4.43 4.36 72 -0.15 -0.16 6.54 6.47 96 -0.19 8.62 120 -0.24 10.81 144 -0.28 12.86 168 -0.31 14.70 192 -0.33 16.14 216 -0.31 17.05 240 -0.37 17.93 264 -0.46 18.35 TABLE 3.7 SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE VERIFICATION AGAINST ANALYSIS (20-90S) ---------------------------------------------------------- 250 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.07 -0.08 3.33 3.31 48 -0.14 -0.17 5.97 5.84 72 -0.20 -0.22 8.90 8.70 96 -0.29 11.85 120 -0.39 15.37 144 -0.48 18.52 168 -0.60 21.53 192 -0.57 23.68 216 -0.55 25.27 240 -0.76 26.78 264 -0.84 27.67 TABLE 4.1 NORTH AMERICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -2.40 -1.51 8.17 8.25 0.99 0.98 48 -3.26 -2.66 11.51 11.78 0.98 0.98 72 -2.98 -3.26 15.85 15.98 0.97 0.97 96 -3.95 21.81 0.95 120 -4.83 27.66 0.91 144 -5.00 35.99 0.86 168 -7.32 46.87 0.81 192 -10.28 55.77 0.74 216 -8.68 63.49 0.66 240 -4.38 67.89 0.64 264 -5.29 75.29 0.58 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 82 12 UTC = 83 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 4.2 NORTH AMERICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -5.71 -4.70 11.41 10.92 0.99 0.99 48 -6.44 -5.51 16.70 16.97 0.99 0.99 72 -5.29 -5.81 23.08 23.16 0.98 0.97 96 -5.68 31.35 0.96 120 -5.85 40.16 0.94 144 -6.88 52.63 0.90 168 -7.55 65.98 0.85 192 -10.59 80.78 0.79 216 -10.36 93.02 0.74 240 -7.90 105.99 0.68 264 -9.65 118.06 0.63 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 88 12 UTC = 89 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 4.3 NORTH AMERICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -6.64 -5.05 15.37 13.86 0.99 0.99 48 -7.23 -5.58 21.87 21.21 0.99 0.99 72 -5.31 -5.80 31.55 30.18 0.98 0.98 96 -4.66 42.09 0.97 120 -5.55 55.02 0.94 144 -8.89 71.44 0.91 168 -11.23 90.67 0.86 192 -18.03 117.96 0.79 216 -19.71 135.78 0.74 240 -16.78 155.30 0.67 264 -18.50 170.10 0.60 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 88 12 UTC = 89 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 4.4 NORTH AMERICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.23 -0.43 1.59 1.80 0.94 0.94 48 -0.15 -0.33 1.85 2.04 0.95 0.95 72 0.00 -0.18 2.22 2.42 0.92 0.93 96 -0.06 2.83 0.92 120 -0.07 3.27 0.90 144 -0.14 3.94 0.85 168 0.12 4.51 0.82 192 0.21 5.50 0.74 216 0.40 5.90 0.71 240 0.34 6.31 0.69 264 0.14 6.69 0.64 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 82 12 UTC = 82 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 4.5 NORTH AMERICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.02 0.05 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.95 48 0.01 0.09 1.14 1.19 0.96 0.96 72 0.03 0.10 1.46 1.51 0.95 0.95 96 0.16 1.91 0.93 120 0.19 2.36 0.89 144 0.10 2.80 0.85 168 0.13 3.25 0.82 192 0.00 4.12 0.76 216 -0.16 4.50 0.71 240 -0.24 4.98 0.65 264 -0.27 5.39 0.58 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 89 12 UTC = 90 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 4.6 NORTH AMERICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.14 0.13 1.02 1.08 0.95 0.94 48 0.06 0.06 1.27 1.35 0.95 0.94 72 0.00 0.01 1.61 1.66 0.92 0.92 96 -0.03 2.01 0.89 120 -0.03 2.34 0.84 144 -0.11 2.80 0.79 168 -0.22 3.09 0.77 192 -0.32 3.53 0.73 216 -0.39 3.84 0.70 240 -0.27 4.17 0.62 264 -0.26 4.39 0.57 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 89 12 UTC = 90 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 4.7 NORTH AMERICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.63 -1.01 3.91 4.11 48 -0.69 -1.13 4.30 4.61 72 -0.78 -1.13 4.96 5.33 96 -1.02 6.34 120 -0.92 7.28 144 -1.10 8.24 168 -1.15 9.46 192 -1.23 11.15 216 -1.12 12.45 240 -0.77 12.79 264 -0.55 13.36 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 80 12 UTC = 79 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 4.8 NORTH AMERICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.64 -0.68 4.37 4.39 48 -0.80 -0.84 5.28 5.40 72 -1.01 -0.96 6.51 6.66 96 -0.95 8.02 120 -0.90 9.45 144 -1.00 10.87 168 -1.09 12.49 192 -1.31 14.85 216 -1.39 16.70 240 -1.10 17.90 264 -1.11 19.12 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 88 12 UTC = 87 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 4.9 NORTH AMERICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.84 -0.65 5.71 5.51 48 -1.05 -0.92 7.03 7.11 72 -1.31 -1.03 9.02 8.93 96 -1.20 11.01 120 -0.98 13.23 144 -0.91 14.98 168 -0.72 17.81 192 -0.80 22.11 216 -0.59 25.02 240 -0.11 27.39 264 -0.78 28.88 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 87 12 UTC = 87 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 5.1 EUROPE/NORTH AFRICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -4.93 -5.36 9.43 9.42 0.97 0.98 48 -6.64 -7.42 12.82 12.77 0.98 0.98 72 -6.74 -8.28 16.74 16.76 0.97 0.97 96 -9.23 21.81 0.95 120 -9.14 26.64 0.90 144 -8.52 33.62 0.86 168 -8.17 40.56 0.84 192 -7.53 47.31 0.82 216 -7.92 56.93 0.75 240 -14.45 66.42 0.67 264 -20.21 74.05 0.62 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 66 12 UTC = 58 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 5.2 EUROPE/NORTH AFRICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -7.66 -6.56 12.37 11.24 0.98 0.99 48 -8.81 -8.09 16.97 16.02 0.98 0.98 72 -9.59 -9.03 22.89 22.59 0.97 0.98 96 -11.00 30.69 0.95 120 -13.91 39.10 0.93 144 -15.50 49.63 0.91 168 -14.70 63.02 0.88 192 -17.01 76.25 0.84 216 -21.56 91.30 0.77 240 -29.39 106.22 0.72 264 -42.12 121.49 0.68 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 65 12 UTC = 57 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 5.3 EUROPE/NORTH AFRICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -8.65 -7.70 16.49 16.09 0.98 0.99 48 -9.47 -8.84 22.44 22.07 0.98 0.99 72 -11.95 -11.36 31.10 31.07 0.98 0.98 96 -16.84 43.26 0.96 120 -23.60 54.58 0.94 144 -26.30 69.19 0.92 168 -28.83 89.57 0.88 192 -31.97 105.46 0.85 216 -42.68 127.55 0.77 240 -50.13 146.62 0.72 264 -66.10 167.29 0.69 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 66 12 UTC = 58 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 5.4 EUROPE/NORTH AFRICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.42 0.00 1.27 1.15 0.92 0.91 48 -0.46 -0.02 1.45 1.30 0.93 0.93 72 -0.49 -0.03 1.69 1.56 0.92 0.92 96 -0.04 1.79 0.89 120 -0.25 2.16 0.87 144 -0.41 2.58 0.83 168 -0.32 3.06 0.79 192 -0.61 3.43 0.78 216 -1.01 4.11 0.69 240 -1.03 4.58 0.63 264 -1.51 5.00 0.60 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 69 12 UTC = 60 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 5.5 EUROPE/NORTH AFRICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.06 -0.05 0.77 0.73 0.94 0.95 48 -0.01 -0.02 0.99 0.92 0.94 0.95 72 -0.07 -0.07 1.28 1.24 0.92 0.93 96 -0.17 1.59 0.91 120 -0.34 1.97 0.87 144 -0.41 2.29 0.86 168 -0.51 2.78 0.80 192 -0.55 3.11 0.77 216 -0.84 3.59 0.71 240 -0.88 3.94 0.64 264 -1.25 4.40 0.62 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 69 12 UTC = 60 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 5.6 EUROPE/NORTH AFRICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.21 0.24 1.12 1.07 0.92 0.93 48 0.24 0.28 1.38 1.34 0.91 0.93 72 0.15 0.22 1.72 1.65 0.88 0.89 96 0.03 1.92 0.87 120 -0.05 2.37 0.81 144 -0.30 2.66 0.78 168 -0.43 3.08 0.70 192 -0.32 3.41 0.68 216 -0.57 3.65 0.61 240 -0.62 3.89 0.56 264 -0.45 4.20 0.55 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 69 12 UTC = 60 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 5.7 EUROPE/NORTH AFRICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.68 -0.48 3.90 3.84 48 -0.67 -0.46 4.36 4.23 72 -0.65 -0.41 5.06 4.93 96 -0.54 5.44 120 -0.54 6.49 144 -0.63 7.29 168 -0.77 8.20 192 -0.66 8.84 216 -0.88 9.61 240 -0.83 10.68 264 -0.56 11.23 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 68 12 UTC = 59 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 5.8 EUROPE/NORTH AFRICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.22 -0.53 4.05 4.08 48 -0.22 -0.57 5.04 4.97 72 -0.13 -0.53 6.48 6.49 96 -0.28 7.72 120 -0.62 9.53 144 -0.75 10.80 168 -0.76 12.52 192 -0.57 14.22 216 -0.84 16.24 240 -0.50 18.15 264 -0.29 19.24 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 69 12 UTC = 60 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 5.9 EUROPE/NORTH AFRICA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.60 -0.46 5.14 4.94 48 -0.61 -0.41 6.70 6.45 72 -0.70 -0.48 8.74 8.41 96 -0.42 10.26 120 -0.73 12.94 144 -0.96 15.53 168 -0.91 18.26 192 -0.79 20.06 216 -0.91 24.14 240 -0.18 26.66 264 0.00 27.98 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 68 12 UTC = 60 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 6.1 ASIA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.84 0.80 11.59 10.67 0.98 0.97 48 0.87 0.55 14.01 13.13 0.98 0.98 72 0.02 0.72 17.03 16.15 0.97 0.97 96 -0.34 20.36 0.95 120 -1.09 25.99 0.92 144 -1.71 30.40 0.89 168 -3.00 35.07 0.86 192 -5.44 40.60 0.79 216 -8.03 46.53 0.74 240 -9.18 50.58 0.72 264 -9.04 52.80 0.68 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 119 12 UTC = 117 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 6.2 ASIA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -1.98 -0.69 11.44 11.83 0.98 0.98 48 -0.85 -0.55 14.79 15.84 0.98 0.98 72 -1.17 0.19 20.10 20.94 0.97 0.97 96 -0.22 28.08 0.95 120 -0.06 36.22 0.92 144 0.32 42.56 0.88 168 -0.26 50.29 0.86 192 -4.19 58.36 0.83 216 -6.66 67.59 0.79 240 -7.53 75.45 0.78 264 -6.88 80.27 0.75 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 129 12 UTC = 127 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 6.3 ASIA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -5.96 -2.18 19.44 18.84 0.98 0.98 48 -4.73 -1.73 22.78 23.99 0.98 0.98 72 -4.45 -0.32 28.98 31.42 0.98 0.97 96 -0.12 41.02 0.96 120 1.72 52.14 0.94 144 4.03 63.52 0.90 168 4.51 77.39 0.87 192 -1.43 87.11 0.83 216 -7.43 100.19 0.79 240 -11.27 112.47 0.77 264 -7.84 120.49 0.76 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 128 12 UTC = 125 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 6.4 ASIA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.62 -0.72 1.84 1.88 0.93 0.93 48 -0.62 -0.78 2.05 2.13 0.95 0.95 72 -0.59 -0.78 2.26 2.33 0.94 0.94 96 -0.73 2.58 0.94 120 -0.68 2.95 0.91 144 -0.65 3.53 0.87 168 -0.63 3.87 0.83 192 -0.76 4.18 0.77 216 -0.69 4.63 0.71 240 -0.49 5.07 0.68 264 -0.39 5.46 0.67 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 138 12 UTC = 137 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 6.5 ASIA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.09 0.00 0.98 0.97 0.95 0.95 48 -0.02 0.03 1.15 1.19 0.97 0.97 72 0.01 0.06 1.36 1.41 0.96 0.96 96 0.09 1.73 0.95 120 0.17 2.10 0.92 144 0.23 2.64 0.88 168 0.28 3.11 0.84 192 0.21 3.35 0.79 216 0.15 3.81 0.74 240 0.01 4.25 0.71 264 0.08 4.45 0.71 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 154 12 UTC = 153 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 6.6 ASIA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.11 0.01 1.21 1.17 0.93 0.93 48 -0.21 -0.04 1.46 1.44 0.94 0.93 72 -0.24 -0.06 1.74 1.70 0.92 0.92 96 -0.08 1.99 0.90 120 -0.11 2.33 0.87 144 -0.04 2.67 0.82 168 -0.05 2.88 0.78 192 -0.09 3.09 0.73 216 -0.24 3.43 0.68 240 -0.42 3.71 0.67 264 -0.39 3.90 0.67 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 153 12 UTC = 150 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 6.7 ASIA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.82 -0.73 4.14 3.90 48 -0.90 -0.75 4.53 4.34 72 -0.95 -0.76 4.96 4.81 96 -0.82 5.38 120 -0.85 6.13 144 -0.74 7.10 168 -0.60 7.83 192 -0.66 8.41 216 -0.67 9.02 240 -0.61 9.54 264 -0.67 9.77 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 135 12 UTC = 134 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 6.8 ASIA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.54 -0.41 4.13 4.24 48 -0.61 -0.48 4.97 5.13 72 -0.66 -0.62 5.81 5.95 96 -0.65 7.04 120 -0.65 8.31 144 -0.60 9.75 168 -0.63 10.77 192 -0.46 11.45 216 -0.30 12.51 240 -0.23 13.49 264 -0.13 13.98 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 153 12 UTC = 152 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 6.9 ASIA VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.67 -0.61 5.69 5.72 48 -0.92 -0.82 7.04 7.26 72 -1.09 -1.00 8.29 8.60 96 -1.08 10.16 120 -1.20 12.22 144 -1.14 14.48 168 -1.17 16.68 192 -1.18 17.68 216 -0.87 19.04 240 -0.34 20.40 264 -0.27 21.75 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 151 12 UTC = 148 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 7.1 AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -2.55 -3.93 6.78 8.03 0.97 0.98 48 -2.35 -2.57 8.25 9.59 0.97 0.98 72 -1.70 -0.72 11.99 14.94 0.96 0.96 96 -0.50 21.57 0.95 120 0.58 26.71 0.92 144 1.87 34.24 0.81 168 5.06 41.80 0.83 192 4.25 50.11 0.76 216 9.39 59.25 0.68 240 10.51 60.28 0.68 264 11.42 68.02 0.58 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 29 12 UTC = 11 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 7.2 AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -7.92 -10.52 11.04 14.31 0.98 0.99 48 -8.31 -9.39 13.05 17.17 0.98 0.97 72 -8.34 -7.20 17.78 26.61 0.96 0.94 96 -7.65 32.79 0.94 120 -7.54 40.49 0.93 144 -6.23 51.85 0.89 168 -1.75 62.32 0.85 192 -2.74 75.90 0.77 216 2.72 86.54 0.67 240 3.36 86.82 0.68 264 1.45 102.77 0.58 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 28 12 UTC = 11 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 7.3 AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -6.68 -9.66 12.90 16.13 0.98 0.98 48 -8.95 -9.46 17.40 21.52 0.98 0.98 72 -10.44 -9.16 24.15 35.39 0.96 0.95 96 -10.79 43.23 0.94 120 -12.93 57.16 0.90 144 -12.35 67.14 0.90 168 -8.79 87.77 0.86 192 -9.30 102.44 0.75 216 -3.28 115.34 0.70 240 -3.64 117.18 0.67 264 -6.90 140.58 0.58 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 28 12 UTC = 11 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 7.4 AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.69 -0.73 1.22 1.34 0.86 0.89 48 -0.71 -0.73 1.29 1.47 0.88 0.91 72 -0.72 -0.68 1.46 1.68 0.87 0.88 96 -0.81 2.10 0.83 120 -0.77 2.44 0.79 144 -0.86 2.68 0.80 168 -0.82 2.94 0.77 192 -0.70 3.33 0.72 216 -0.86 3.89 0.63 240 -0.84 4.24 0.58 264 -0.88 4.46 0.51 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 29 12 UTC = 12 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 7.5 AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.12 0.07 0.91 0.87 0.89 0.89 48 0.08 0.04 0.99 0.99 0.89 0.89 72 0.00 -0.02 1.14 1.40 0.87 0.83 96 0.02 1.66 0.79 120 -0.06 1.96 0.82 144 -0.10 2.21 0.79 168 -0.04 2.48 0.77 192 -0.03 2.78 0.66 216 -0.11 3.01 0.68 240 -0.17 2.95 0.64 264 -0.34 3.51 0.53 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 29 12 UTC = 12 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 7.6 AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.01 0.06 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.91 48 -0.18 -0.10 1.16 1.10 0.90 0.91 72 -0.26 -0.17 1.43 1.41 0.89 0.86 96 -0.29 1.71 0.86 120 -0.37 1.97 0.86 144 -0.40 2.32 0.78 168 -0.66 2.45 0.80 192 -0.67 3.01 0.64 216 -0.57 2.81 0.66 240 -0.69 3.13 0.61 264 -0.79 3.44 0.54 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 30 12 UTC = 12 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 7.7 AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.51 -0.64 3.80 3.82 48 -0.62 -0.80 4.05 4.39 72 -0.82 -0.94 4.61 5.12 96 -0.96 6.16 120 -1.04 6.72 144 -1.26 7.74 168 -0.96 8.22 192 -0.86 9.22 216 -0.65 9.79 240 -0.99 10.54 264 -0.61 10.82 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 30 12 UTC = 14 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 7.8 AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.66 -0.72 3.81 4.08 48 -0.66 -0.81 4.37 4.98 72 -0.77 -0.94 5.39 5.78 96 -0.90 7.17 120 -1.04 8.35 144 -1.02 10.66 168 -1.26 12.02 192 -1.34 12.87 216 -1.12 14.04 240 -1.67 14.83 264 -1.37 15.70 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 30 12 UTC = 14 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 7.9 AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.60 -0.87 4.91 4.94 48 -0.74 -0.78 6.14 6.11 72 -0.79 -1.08 7.40 7.93 96 -1.29 9.75 120 -1.45 11.95 144 -1.27 16.14 168 -1.68 18.04 192 -1.53 19.77 216 -1.74 21.12 240 -1.74 22.70 264 -1.43 24.21 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 30 12 UTC = 14 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 8.1 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -2.39 -1.63 9.01 8.91 0.67 0.74 48 -2.58 -1.81 9.26 9.17 0.79 0.83 72 -3.11 -2.27 9.65 9.56 0.79 0.84 96 -3.02 9.86 0.80 120 -3.95 10.41 0.77 144 -4.43 11.18 0.78 168 -4.74 11.85 0.78 192 -5.22 12.65 0.75 216 -5.44 13.13 0.73 240 -6.13 14.41 0.73 264 -7.60 15.76 0.71 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 69 12 UTC = 66 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 8.2 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -5.39 -4.70 11.47 11.30 0.61 0.63 48 -5.74 -5.16 11.81 11.85 0.76 0.74 72 -6.53 -5.86 12.49 12.43 0.78 0.77 96 -7.08 13.16 0.75 120 -8.42 14.22 0.72 144 -9.45 15.37 0.72 168 -10.13 16.49 0.71 192 -10.84 17.28 0.71 216 -11.27 17.80 0.67 240 -11.86 19.14 0.62 264 -13.28 20.38 0.62 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 70 12 UTC = 67 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 8.3 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -6.37 -6.40 13.92 13.45 0.69 0.70 48 -9.35 -9.39 15.87 15.70 0.81 0.81 72 -11.73 -11.83 18.15 18.09 0.83 0.83 96 -14.49 20.60 0.82 120 -17.17 22.85 0.82 144 -19.56 25.56 0.82 168 -21.36 28.00 0.80 192 -22.98 30.14 0.78 216 -24.20 31.70 0.74 240 -25.57 33.54 0.73 264 -27.71 35.88 0.71 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 69 12 UTC = 66 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 8.4 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.40 -0.37 0.94 0.94 0.49 0.54 48 -0.43 -0.40 0.98 0.98 0.64 0.68 72 -0.45 -0.41 1.01 1.01 0.71 0.73 96 -0.43 1.04 0.74 120 -0.43 1.05 0.73 144 -0.45 1.09 0.72 168 -0.46 1.12 0.70 192 -0.46 1.17 0.66 216 -0.46 1.22 0.63 240 -0.46 1.21 0.63 264 -0.42 1.27 0.59 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 77 12 UTC = 75 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 8.5 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.16 0.17 0.76 0.74 0.59 0.61 48 0.14 0.14 0.80 0.76 0.66 0.69 72 0.11 0.12 0.84 0.81 0.71 0.72 96 0.08 0.84 0.74 120 0.03 0.88 0.74 144 -0.02 0.92 0.74 168 -0.07 0.96 0.73 192 -0.11 1.00 0.73 216 -0.15 1.07 0.68 240 -0.16 1.11 0.66 264 -0.16 1.16 0.63 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 77 12 UTC = 77 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 8.6 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.40 -0.42 0.73 0.72 0.64 0.61 48 -0.65 -0.68 0.95 0.95 0.66 0.66 72 -0.74 -0.80 1.07 1.08 0.68 0.67 96 -0.87 1.17 0.67 120 -0.95 1.25 0.69 144 -1.02 1.32 0.69 168 -1.09 1.39 0.69 192 -1.15 1.45 0.69 216 -1.20 1.49 0.67 240 -1.24 1.55 0.67 264 -1.27 1.59 0.65 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 77 12 UTC = 75 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 8.7 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.39 -0.48 3.04 3.09 48 -0.45 -0.52 3.22 3.25 72 -0.51 -0.55 3.40 3.40 96 -0.59 3.56 120 -0.70 3.73 144 -0.75 3.91 168 -0.81 4.13 192 -0.83 4.30 216 -0.85 4.58 240 -0.79 4.74 264 -0.75 4.95 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 69 12 UTC = 69 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 8.8 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -1.13 -1.16 3.39 3.47 48 -1.26 -1.33 3.67 3.80 72 -1.32 -1.40 3.94 4.04 96 -1.39 4.29 120 -1.35 4.60 144 -1.45 4.99 168 -1.54 5.47 192 -1.55 5.77 216 -1.48 5.99 240 -1.44 6.36 264 -1.46 6.60 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 69 12 UTC = 70 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 8.9 TROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.87 -0.70 4.19 4.20 48 -1.04 -0.78 4.97 4.98 72 -1.17 -0.91 5.56 5.67 96 -1.02 6.33 120 -1.07 6.94 144 -1.10 7.40 168 -1.16 7.92 192 -1.21 8.54 216 -1.15 9.22 240 -1.15 9.50 264 -1.11 10.02 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 69 12 UTC = 69 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 9.1 NORTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -1.86 -1.85 9.93 9.72 0.98 0.98 48 -2.36 -2.77 12.90 12.76 0.98 0.98 72 -2.62 -2.96 17.20 16.89 0.97 0.97 96 -3.42 22.56 0.95 120 -4.00 28.90 0.93 144 -4.36 35.70 0.91 168 -5.23 43.15 0.87 192 -6.46 50.29 0.82 216 -7.58 58.27 0.76 240 -8.27 65.18 0.72 264 -9.86 71.08 0.67 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 389 12 UTC = 385 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 9.2 NORTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -4.45 -3.63 12.08 11.93 0.99 0.99 48 -4.45 -4.20 16.38 16.81 0.99 0.99 72 -4.46 -4.21 23.13 23.26 0.98 0.98 96 -4.50 31.75 0.96 120 -5.60 41.66 0.94 144 -6.45 52.27 0.92 168 -7.52 63.55 0.89 192 -10.27 75.59 0.84 216 -12.46 87.68 0.80 240 -13.49 99.23 0.76 264 -15.41 109.53 0.71 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 404 12 UTC = 400 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 9.3 NORTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -6.67 -4.85 18.36 17.75 0.98 0.99 48 -6.90 -5.53 22.97 23.20 0.99 0.99 72 -7.00 -5.78 31.26 31.76 0.98 0.98 96 -6.37 43.10 0.97 120 -8.16 55.12 0.95 144 -10.08 70.30 0.93 168 -12.19 87.23 0.89 192 -17.15 104.91 0.85 216 -21.53 121.99 0.80 240 -23.40 137.12 0.76 264 -24.63 150.88 0.72 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 403 12 UTC = 398 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 9.4 NORTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.44 -0.43 1.58 1.61 0.94 0.94 48 -0.43 -0.44 1.79 1.83 0.95 0.95 72 -0.41 -0.42 2.06 2.11 0.94 0.94 96 -0.40 2.44 0.93 120 -0.45 2.87 0.91 144 -0.47 3.44 0.87 168 -0.44 3.91 0.83 192 -0.55 4.48 0.78 216 -0.56 4.95 0.73 240 -0.50 5.37 0.69 264 -0.52 5.72 0.67 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 417 12 UTC = 406 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 9.5 NORTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.06 -0.01 0.93 0.92 0.95 0.96 48 -0.03 0.01 1.12 1.13 0.96 0.96 72 -0.02 0.01 1.40 1.43 0.96 0.96 96 0.02 1.82 0.94 120 0.00 2.24 0.91 144 -0.04 2.71 0.88 168 -0.09 3.17 0.84 192 -0.18 3.62 0.79 216 -0.27 4.07 0.74 240 -0.35 4.45 0.71 264 -0.35 4.77 0.68 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 443 12 UTC = 436 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 9.6 NORTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.05 0.10 1.18 1.16 0.94 0.94 48 -0.03 0.04 1.44 1.43 0.94 0.94 72 -0.09 -0.01 1.78 1.77 0.92 0.92 96 -0.08 2.15 0.89 120 -0.11 2.58 0.86 144 -0.18 2.95 0.81 168 -0.25 3.29 0.76 192 -0.29 3.60 0.72 216 -0.39 3.87 0.68 240 -0.44 4.14 0.66 264 -0.41 4.38 0.64 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 439 12 UTC = 431 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 9.7 NORTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.73 -0.73 3.92 3.85 48 -0.77 -0.78 4.34 4.30 72 -0.80 -0.78 4.94 4.96 96 -0.83 5.75 120 -0.82 6.67 144 -0.85 7.55 168 -0.87 8.47 192 -0.93 9.32 216 -0.91 10.12 240 -0.77 10.71 264 -0.69 11.16 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 405 12 UTC = 393 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 9.8 NORTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.55 -0.56 4.12 4.16 48 -0.64 -0.66 5.06 5.11 72 -0.70 -0.75 6.31 6.32 96 -0.72 7.72 120 -0.80 9.28 144 -0.84 10.65 168 -0.90 12.08 192 -0.80 13.41 216 -0.73 14.77 240 -0.54 16.03 264 -0.54 16.90 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 438 12 UTC = 427 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 9.9 NORTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.64 -0.54 5.24 5.17 48 -0.86 -0.72 6.60 6.63 72 -1.02 -0.86 8.34 8.35 96 -0.94 10.26 120 -1.05 12.40 144 -1.06 14.61 168 -1.03 17.01 192 -0.96 19.14 216 -0.72 21.37 240 -0.24 23.19 264 -0.39 24.63 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 433 12 UTC = 422 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 10.1 SOUTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -2.01 -2.43 8.70 8.67 0.97 0.97 48 -1.49 -2.26 10.72 11.49 0.97 0.97 72 -1.22 -2.31 15.08 15.84 0.95 0.96 96 -3.05 21.65 0.93 120 -3.28 27.58 0.89 144 -2.10 35.12 0.82 168 -1.92 43.68 0.76 192 -2.59 50.34 0.69 216 -1.95 57.17 0.64 240 -4.17 60.90 0.63 264 -6.08 61.07 0.61 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 45 12 UTC = 37 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 10.2 SOUTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -7.75 -7.97 12.68 13.55 0.97 0.98 48 -7.61 -8.57 15.70 17.48 0.98 0.98 72 -7.62 -8.48 21.24 25.88 0.96 0.95 96 -10.07 33.46 0.93 120 -10.73 41.85 0.90 144 -11.34 51.80 0.85 168 -11.41 65.64 0.79 192 -13.60 75.73 0.75 216 -14.34 85.88 0.68 240 -16.11 92.99 0.63 264 -21.90 95.53 0.59 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 45 12 UTC = 37 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 10.3 SOUTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (m) (m) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -7.54 -6.53 15.03 16.69 0.98 0.98 48 -8.64 -7.86 21.04 23.56 0.98 0.98 72 -9.74 -8.84 28.14 35.18 0.96 0.96 96 -11.50 45.52 0.94 120 -13.86 59.23 0.90 144 -17.69 71.19 0.87 168 -18.72 93.77 0.81 192 -21.47 109.35 0.75 216 -23.77 122.05 0.70 240 -24.78 134.23 0.64 264 -36.61 140.24 0.59 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 46 12 UTC = 39 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 10.4 SOUTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.79 -0.86 1.47 1.63 0.86 0.87 48 -0.83 -0.91 1.58 1.74 0.88 0.90 72 -0.85 -0.93 1.79 1.93 0.87 0.89 96 -1.00 2.28 0.85 120 -1.00 2.61 0.80 144 -1.11 2.95 0.77 168 -1.08 3.32 0.74 192 -1.13 3.80 0.68 216 -1.20 4.24 0.61 240 -1.25 4.45 0.57 264 -1.42 4.59 0.53 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 47 12 UTC = 40 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 10.5 SOUTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.04 0.06 0.92 0.87 0.90 0.94 48 0.02 0.02 1.08 1.07 0.91 0.94 72 -0.02 0.02 1.33 1.43 0.89 0.91 96 0.02 1.83 0.87 120 0.06 2.22 0.82 144 -0.13 2.55 0.79 168 -0.18 3.10 0.73 192 -0.20 3.42 0.70 216 -0.42 3.71 0.68 240 -0.38 3.89 0.62 264 -0.70 4.00 0.54 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 48 12 UTC = 41 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 10.6 SOUTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA TEMPERATURE APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN ERROR RMSE trend corr. PERIOD (K) (K) -------------- -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 0.00 0.07 1.04 1.02 0.91 0.91 48 -0.11 -0.01 1.28 1.26 0.90 0.91 72 -0.19 -0.08 1.63 1.64 0.87 0.87 96 -0.12 2.03 0.83 120 -0.24 2.33 0.81 144 -0.25 2.54 0.77 168 -0.34 2.75 0.73 192 -0.35 3.19 0.62 216 -0.25 3.24 0.59 240 -0.42 3.43 0.55 264 -0.46 3.58 0.51 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 48 12 UTC = 41 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 10.7 SOUTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 850 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.74 -0.65 4.16 4.09 48 -0.82 -0.71 4.48 4.50 72 -0.89 -0.68 5.08 5.29 96 -0.72 6.02 120 -0.59 6.78 144 -0.80 7.50 168 -0.65 8.29 192 -0.56 9.13 216 -0.61 9.56 240 -0.46 10.08 264 -0.65 10.07 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 48 12 UTC = 40 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 10.8 SOUTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 500 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.66 -0.53 4.02 4.33 48 -0.74 -0.60 4.84 5.36 72 -0.75 -0.69 6.07 6.41 96 -0.73 7.60 120 -0.58 9.11 144 -0.58 10.87 168 -0.62 12.31 192 -0.58 13.27 216 -0.48 14.10 240 -0.30 14.99 264 -0.33 15.24 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 49 12 UTC = 42 --------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 10.9 SOUTHERN EXTRATROPICS VERIFICATION AGAINST RADIOSONDES ------------------------------------------------------ 250 HPA WIND APRIL 2018 ------------------------------------------------ FORECAST MEAN SPEED ERROR RMSEV PERIOD (m/s) (m/s) -------- 00 UTC 12 UTC 00 UTC 12 UTC (HOURS) ------ ------ ------ ------ 24 -0.73 -0.56 5.39 5.64 48 -0.81 -0.60 6.79 7.02 72 -0.71 -0.76 8.52 9.10 96 -0.81 11.19 120 -0.67 13.42 144 -0.68 16.31 168 -0.97 18.49 192 -0.99 20.58 216 -0.79 21.86 240 -0.67 23.72 264 -0.93 24.79 --------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS USED 00 UTC = 49 12 UTC = 42 ---------------------------------------------------------